What does the central nervous system consist of?

The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, which serve as the main control center for the body. The brain is responsible for processing sensory information, regulating bodily functions, and facilitating cognition and emotional responses. Meanwhile, the spinal cord serves as a communication highway, transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. This structure is essential for coordinating voluntary and involuntary movements and maintaining homeostasis.

In contrast to the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, which are part of the peripheral nervous system, extend from the spinal cord and brain to the limbs and other body parts. These peripheral nerves are responsible for connecting the CNS to the organs, muscles, and tissues. Understanding the distinction between the central and peripheral systems is crucial in the study of human physiology and medical emergencies, as it helps in diagnosing and responding to various neurological conditions.